Bone morphogenetic protein 16 (BMP-16) predicts a molecular mass of 18 kDa. BMPs are multi-functional Growth Factorss that belong to the transforming Growth Factors beta (TGF-β) superfamily. BMPs initiate signaling from the cell surface by binding to two different receptors (R: Type I and II) . The heterodimeric formation of type I R and II R may occur before or after BMP binding, inducing signal transduction pathways through SMADs.